1. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Proxy server anonymizes the web traffic to provide anonymity. When a user sends a request for any resources to the other publically available servers, proxy server acts as an intermediary for these requests.
2. Right Answer: B
Explanation: NMAP in a nutshell, offers Host discovery, Port discovery, Service discovery, Operating System version information, Hardware (MAC) address information, Service version detection, Vulnerability & exploit detection using NMAP Scripts (NSE).
3. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Ping Sweep is a method of sending ICMP Echo Request packets to a range of IP addresses instead of sending one by one requests and observing the response.
4. Right Answer: A
Explanation: In the phase of Enumeration, an attacker initiates active connections with the target system. Using this active connection, direct queries are generated to gain more information. This information helps to identify the system attack points. Once attacker discovers attack points, it can gain unauthorized access using this collected information to reach assets.
5. Right Answer: D
Explanation: NetBIOS is Network Basic Input / Output System program that allows the communication in between different applications running on different systems within a local area network.